-JtV  A** 


Genuine  Bangor  Roofing  Slate 


The  Roof 
Needs  no  Repairs 


Outlives 
the  Building 


Copyright  1906. 

Genuirte  Bangor  Slate  Company,  Incorporatea, 
Easton,  Penna. 


Reference  Guide  of  Roof  Facts. 


The  Roof  over  your  head . 6 

What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  will  do . 7 

What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  won’t  do  . 7 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  compared  with  Tin  Roofs . 9 

“  “  “  “  “  “  Steel  Roofs . 14 

“  “  “  “  “  “  Shingle  Roofs . 17 

“  “  “  “  “  “  Tile  Roofs . 19 


“  “  Composition  Roofs  .  .  .24 

(tar,  asphalt,  gravel,  asbestos,  patent  roofing,  etc.) 


“  admitted  the  standard  roofing  by  makers  of 


all  roofings . 38 

“  on  buildings  everywhere  . 39 

“  ,  what  it  costs . 44 

“  Roof,  how  you  can  get  one . 45 


H 


A  handy  hook  of  helpful  FACTS 
for  all  interested  in  building. 


Slate  and  its  Uses 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co., 

Incorporated 

Easton,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 


COPYRIGHT  1900 


BY 

GENUINE  BANGOR  SLATE  COMPANY.  INC., 
EASTON »  PENNSYLVANIA. 


C) 


By  Way  of  Introduction — 

We  thank  you  for  the  opportunity  of  placing  before  you 
some  interesting  and  valuable  information  about  the  uses  of  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate,  particularly  for  Roofing. 

Since  the  life  of  your  building  depends  upon  your  roof  the 
subject  deserves  careful  consideration.  Naturally  you  will  want  to  go 
into  the  matter  in  an  intelligent  manner,  asking — 

1st.  What  different  kinds  of  Roofing  Material  are  there? 

2nd.  Which  is  the  most  desirable,  and  why  ? 

In  this  book  We  have  endeavored  to  gather  the  necessary  facts 
in  convenient  shape  for  your  own  judgment  and  conclusions. 

Respectfully, 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.  inc. 


6 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


The  Roof  over  your  Head. 

No  matter  how  well  your  house  may  be  built 
if  the  roof  leaks  it  causes  constant  repairs  and 
expense — besides  damage  and  annoyance.  With¬ 
out  these  repairs  the  structure  would  soon  decay; 
a  house  with  a  poor  roof  is  a  failure. 

This  shows  the  importance  of  the  proper 
selection  of  the  roof.  There  is  probably  no  subject 
connected  with  building  with  which  the  average 
man  is  less  familiar  than  the  faithful  roof  that 
shelters  his  family  and  his  home  from  the  elements. 

Therefore  you  will  no  doubt  welcome  a  little 
aid  in  deciding  this  question,  as  presented  by  the 
facts — and  facts  only — in  the  following  pages. 

There  are  many  kinds  of  roofing  material  made 


by  man;  such  as  tin,  tile,  corrugated  iron,  shingles, 
and  any  number  of  composition  roofings  (such  as 
tar,  asphalt,  etc.);  all  manufactured  through  more 
or  less  elaborate  processes.  None  of  the  manu¬ 
facturers  of  these  materials  class  them  equal  to 
slate,  as  shown  on  pages  37  and  38. 

There  is  only  one  kind  of  roofing  made  by 
nature  :  that  is  slate. 

That  is  the  kind  we  produce  and  sell.  Genuine 
Bangor  Roofing  Slate. 

We  take  it  from  the  quarry  in  large  blocks, 
pure,  just  as  nature  put  it  there,  split  it  to  the 
proper  thickness  and  trim  it  to  the  required  sizes. 
But  the  substance  of  the  rock  is  never  changed.  It 
is  the  same,  well-known  slate  rock  that  never 
absorbs  anything,  and  therefore  cannot  and  does 
not  decay. 


Genuine  Eangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


7 


The  Roof  over  your  Head  {continued). 

This  is  one  of  the  many  reasons  why  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate  makes  such  a  perfect  roof. 

Its  color  is  a  rich,  beautiful,  dark,  permanent 
blue;  the  handsome  architectural  effect  of  which 
cannot  be  reproduced  in  any  artificial  way. 

What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  will  do. 

This  is  quickly  told.  After  it  is  once  put  on,  it 
needs  no  repairs  or  attention  whatever,  and  will 
last  for  centuries.  It  is  the  only  roof  of  which 
these  two  claims  hold  good.  Can  you  ask  more 
of  a  roof  ? 

What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  won’t  do 
will  show  you  in  a  much  stronger  light  its  many 


great  advantages.  For,  as  a  rule,  you  don’t  think 
of  your  roof  until  it  gives  trouble  ;  on  the  same 
principle  that  you  never  think  of  your  arm  until  it 
pains  you.  This  also  gives  you  an  idea  of  the 
surprising  number  of  defects  against  which  to 
guard  in  the  selection  of  a  proper  roof. 

Here  is  what  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof 
won’t  do  : 

It  won’t  wear  away. 

It  won’t  rust. 

It  won’t  decay. 

It  won’t  crack. 

It  won’t  tear. 

It  won’t  chip. 

It  won’t  warp. 

It  won’t  disintegrate. 

It  won’t  crumble  away. 


& 


(Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Crenuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Baston,  Pa. 


What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  will  do  [continued). 

It  won’t  melt  like  a  tar  or  asphalt  roof. 

It  won’t  burn. 

It  won’t  be  affected  by  acids,  gases,  or  other 
substances. 

It  won’t  be  affected  by  any  climatic  changes  or 
conditions. 

It  won’t  require  solder  that  may  melt. 

It  won’t  require  seams,  joints  or  “  inter¬ 
locking  ”  grooves  that  rust,  rot  or  get  out  of  order. 

It  won’t  need  repairs. 

It  won’t  need  paint  to  preserve  it. 

It  won’t  need  any  paint  to  make  it  look  neat, 
clean,  and  attractive. 

It  won’t  lose  its  rich,  architectural  appearance, 
no  matter  how  long  on  the  roof. 

It  won’t  absorb  moisture  or  anything  else. 


It  won’t  rattle  like  a  tin  roof. 

It  won’t  retain  snow  or  similar  loads. 

It  won’t  contract  or  expand  under  the  influence 
of  cold  or  heat. 

It  won’t  increase  the  load  on  your  beams  by 
becoming  water -soaked. 

It  won’t  shrink. 

It  won’t  retain  dampness. 

It  won’t  rot  your  roof  timbers. 

It  won’t  be  blown  off  by  high  winds. 

It  won’t  permit  the  growth  of  moss  or  other 
decaying  vegetable  matter. 

It  won’t  allow  impurities  to  get  into  your 
cistern  water. 

It  won’t  attract  lightning. 

It  won’t  need  an  excessively  strong,  hence 
expensive  roof  frame,  like  tile. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


9 


What  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  will  do  {continued). 

It  won’t  easily  be  damaged,  being  so  strong 
that  it  is  the  only  roofing  shipped  without  packing, 
boxing  or  wrapping  of  any  kind. 

It  won’t  cost  you  as  much  as  any  other 
roofing. 

As  merit  and  value  grow  or  decrease  by 
comparison,  so  the  many,  many  advantages  of  a 
Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  will  impress  you  more 
deeply  after  an  investigation  of  other  roofings. 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with 

Tin  Roofs. 

While  a  tin  roof  is  short  lived,  there  is  no 
wear-out  to  a  slate  roof.  As  early  as  the  six¬ 
teenth  and  seventeenth  centuries,  slate  was  used 


as  a  roof  covering  in  Europe.*  And  the  same 
slates  are  in  use  on  these  buildings  to-day.  Slate 
used  over  100  years  ago  on  the  London  resi¬ 
dence  of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch  were  again 
put  on  the  same  house  when  it  was  remodeled 
about  forty  years  ago.f  These  are  only  two  of 
the  instances  too  numerous  to  mention. 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roofs  have  been  in  use 
for  more  than  fifty  years,  since  Bangor  Slate  was 
first  marketed,  and  to-day  are  as  good  as  when 
first  put  on. 

The  same  cannot  be  said  of  any  other  kind  of 
roofing.  Tin,  for  example,  will  rust  out,  unless 
painted  at  frequent  intervals.  Even  then  it  wears 

*Faper  read  before  the  Society  of  Architects  by  Mr. 
Ellis  Marshland,  Hon.  Sec.  Irish  Builder  and  Engineer, 
April  21,  1906. 

fSee  lecture  by  J.  J.  Thomas  Mine,  Slate  Trade 
Gazette,  published  at  Hull,  England,  June  16,  1906. 


10 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Tin  Roofs  {continued) 

out  in  from  ten  to  thirty  years. 

You  need  not  take  our  word  for  it. 

Take  a  look  at  the  “  American  Artisan  and 
Hardware  Record,”  published  at  Chicago  under 
date  of  August  11,  1906.  On  page  36  you  will  find 
the  “Standard  Specifications  for  Tin  Roofs,”  adopt¬ 
ed  by  the  National  Association  of  Master  Sheet 
Metal  Workers  of  the  United  States,  in  their 
second  annual  convention  at  Indianapolis,  August 
8th  to  10th,  1906  : 

“  All  solder  used  on  this  roof  shall  be  of  the  best 
grade  and  guaranteed  half-and-half  solder,  (one-half  tin 
and  one-half  lead),  using  nothing  but  rosin  as  a  flux. 
Solder  to  be  well  sweated  into  all  seams  and  joints. 
Surface  to  be  carefully  cleaned  from  all  rosin  before  paint 
is  applied.  All  tin  shall  be  painted  one  coat  on  the  under 
side  and  two  coats  on  all  exposed  surfaces.  The  first  coat 
shall  be  applied  to  the  upper  side  immediately  after  laying 
with  a  hand  brush,  well  rubbed  in.  The  second  coat 


shall  be  applied  in  a  similar  manner  in  not  less  than  two 
weeks  after  the  first  coat  has  been  put  on.  All  paint  used 
shall  be  of  the  best  metallic  brown,  mixed  with  pure 
linseed  oil,  litharge  only  as  a  drier.  No  patent  drier  or 
turpentine  shall  be  used.” 

The  joint  Committee  on  tin  plate  at  this  Con 
vention  reported  as  follows  on  the  quality  of 
painting; 

“  We  now  come  to  the  question  of  paint.  How 
many  sins  against  tin  roofs  have  been  committed  by  poor 
paint  and  poor  application ;  too  much  stress  cannot  be 
laid  on  the  quality  of  paint — how  and  when  applied.  A 
tin  roof  should  be  painted  at  once;  we  say  “painted” 
not  washed  over  with  a  wide  brush  at  the  end  of  a  six  foot 
pole.  The  paint  should  be  of  the  best  metallic  brown  or 
Venetian  red  iron  oxide,  pure  linseed  oil,  well  rubbed  in, 
Japan  only  as  drier.  No  patent  drier  or  turpentine  should 
be  allowed.  Graphite  or  coal  tar  paints  are  positively 
injurious  to  tin  and  should  never  be  used.  Neither 
should  cheap  paints.  Six  months  after  laying  the  roof 
should  have  its  third  coat  of  paint,  all  painting  to  be  done 
by  the  roofer.” 

No  turpentine  or  patent  dryer  to  be  used ! 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Tin  Roofs  {continued) 
Only  a  certain  kind  of  paint  to  be  used,  and  not 
cheap  paint  at  that !  That  puts  you  at  the  mercy 
of  the  paint  shop  ! 

Under  side  to  be  painted!  Why,  how  are 
you  going  to  re-paint  it  when  necessary  ? 

Three  coats  of  paint  w  ell  rubbed  in  by  handl 
And  a  fourth  coat  in  6  months !  Expensive, 
isn’t  it  ? 

Even  then  you  have  not  done  with  the  painter, 
as  shown  by  an  article  on  “  Standard  Specifications 
for  Tin  Roofing,”  see  “Metal  Worker,”  New  York, 
May  12,  1906. 

“The  roof  should  be  painted  again  in  a  month  or 
six  weeks  period.  If  the  roof  is  laid  in  the  spring,  it 
should  have  its  third  coat  in  the  fall,  or  if  laid  in  the 
fall,  the  next  spring,  after  which  it  should  be  painted 
every  three  years  in  the  fall,  as  that  is  the  best  time 
because  winter  months  are  the  harder  on  a  tin  roof.” 

A  Pittsburg  Roofer  writes  as  follows  in  the 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


11 


next  issue  of  the  same  paper : 

“  Now  we  pay  $18,  $20  to  $22  per  box  for  Tin 
Plate  which  we  have  renewed  in  two  years." 

From  the  same  publication  of  May  12  th, 
1906: 

“To  sum  up,  the  requisites  of  a  good  tin  roof  are ; 

1.  Plate  made  on  good  lasting  base,  heavily  coat¬ 
ed  ;  one  that  will  stand  just  as  well  as  those  of  fifty  years 
ago. 

2.  Careful  preparation  in  the  shop,  using  all  the 
care  possible  before  sending  the  plate  to  the  roof. 

3.  The  best  workmanship  in  laying,  always 
using  cleats.  Never  nail  through  the  body  of  the 
sheet.  Liiberal  use  of  solder,  avoiding  the  use  of  too  hot 
irons.” 

If  only  one  of  these  many  complicated  requis¬ 
ites  is  missed,  it  follows  of  necessity  that  you 
have  a  poor  roof. 

Here  is  an  extract  from  the  advertising 
pamphlet  of  a  leading  firm  that  sells  roofing  tin  : 

“But  the  tin  must  be  treated  well.  It  should  be 


12 


(xenuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Gaston,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Tin  Roofs  {continued) 

painted  as  soon  as  laid.  Red  rosin-sized  shearing  paper 
of  extra  heavy  quality  should  be  laid  underneath  it.  It 
should  be  painted  with  metallic  brown  paint  ground  in 
pure  linseed  oil,  or  oxide  of  iron.  Don’t  use  acids  in  the 
soldering.  Use  Rosin.  Paint  the  under  side  of  the  tin 
two  coats  before  laying  the  roof.” 

Why  use  this  extra  heavy  quality  red  rosin- 
sized  sheathing  paper  ? 

This  question  is  answered  by  an  extract  from 
another  booklet  published  by  another  Tin  Plate 
Producer : 

“  The  paper  serves  to  protect  the  tin  from  the  inju¬ 
rious  vapors,  gases,  or  fumes  that  continually  rise  from 
the  rooms  below.” 

It  is  also  answered  by  the  above  mentioned 
National  Convention  of  Master  Sheet  Metal  Work¬ 
ers,  as  follows  : 

“WATERPROOF  PAPER  ONLY  UNDER  TIN  ROOFS. 

More  care  should  be  used  in  the  quality  of  paper 


used  under  the  tin.  Where  paper  is  used  it  should  not  be 
anything  that  will  technically  answer  for  paper,  but  a  good 
water-proof  one  that  will  not  absorb  the  dampness,  but  dry 
at  once  and  protect  the  tin  from  gases  and  dampness 
underneath.” 

Of  course  the  above  remarks  about  tin  roofs 
apply  with  equal  force  to  tin  or  terne  sheets,  so- 
called  metal  slates,  tin  shingles  or  all  other  variations 
of  roofing  with  tin  or  terne  sheets  as  basis. 

All  this  trouble  and  constant  expense  caused 
by  tin  roofs  is  avoided  by  the  use  of  a  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate  Roof,  which  needs  no  paint  or  any 
other  preservative. 

It  is  well  known  that  all  metals,  such  as  tin, 
copper,  iron,  steel,  etc.,  are  much  more  effected  by 
the  change  in  temperature  than  stone,  such  as 
slate.  That  is,  heat  expands  metals  and  cold  con¬ 
tracts  them  considerably.  That  is  a  natural  law 


Crenuine  Sangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.  Easton,  Pa. 


13 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Tin  Roofs  ( continued) 

beyond  human  control. 

That’s  why  the  “  Metal  Worker”  says  that 
“  small  sheets  are  better  than  large  ones  for  the 
simple  reason  that  there  is  less  expansion  and  con¬ 
traction  on  each  sheet,  and  consequently  less 
breaking  of  the  seams.” 

To  make  tin  roofs  weather-proof,  the  tin  sheets 
must  either  be  soldered  together,  made  in  one 
continuous  sheet,  or  they  are  joined  by  means  of 
seams  or  groove  locks.  Either  is  unable  to  with¬ 
stand  for  any  length  of  time  the  strain  of  this 
expansion  and  contraction.  Thus  the  Illustrated 
Carpenter  and  Builder  Series  of  Technical  Manuals  ” 
says  : 

“It  is  found  that  the  places  where  soldered  seams 
have  been  made,  perish  long  before  the  rest  of  the  metal 
is  worn  out.” 


An  additional  reason  for  the  short  life  of  these 
seams  is  that  “  the  soldering  irons,  if  too  hot,  the 
coat  is  injured  and  if  too  cold,  the  solder  is  not 
sweated  into  the  seams  as  it  should.”* 

No  such  “  tin  ”  troubles  with  the  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate  Roof.  Each  piece  of  slate  is  a 
separate  unit ;  it  need  not  fit  into  any  groove,  lock 
or  seam  of  any  adjoining  piece.  Therefore  con¬ 
traction  or  expansion  of  the  roof  structure,  or  of  the 
slate  itself,  cannot  affect  the  weather-tight  condition 
of  the  roof.  There  are  no  seams  that  can  open, 
nor  any  other  possibilities  of  a  leak.  Nor  is  there 
any  chance  of  buckling  in  case  the  roof  structure 
should  sag  or  shrink  on  account  of  defective  con- 

*  See  “The  Metal  Worker,’’  New  York,  July  14,  1906^ 
page  44. 


14 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Tin  Roofs  {continued) 
struction  or  materials. 

A  further  disadvantage  of  tin  and  all  metallic 
roofings  is  their  conductivity  of  electricity.  This 
adds  greatly  to  the  danger  of  thunder  storms. 

On  the  other  hand,  slate  is  a  non-conductor 
of  electricity ;  and  is  therefore  extensively  used 
for  switch-boards.  In  an  electric  storm  or  in  case 
of  accidents  with  electric  wires,  life  and  property 
are  certainly  much  safer  under  an  absolutely 
insulating  house  covering,  such  as  a  Genuine  Bangor 
Slate  roof. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with 
Steel  or  Corrugated  Iron  Roofing. 

Some  manufacturers  have  produced  what  they 
call  a  steel  roofing.  This  is  no  more  durable  than 
the  so-called  tin  roofings.  For  a  tin  or  terne  plate, 
as  it  is  called  by  the  trade,  is  nothing  more  than  a 
sheet  of  steel  or  iron,  with  a  coating  of  tin  or  zinc 
to  preserve  it  from  rust  and  decay.  And  even 
that  coating  must  be  further  protected  by  paint  to 
make  it  more  durable.  If  this  was  not  absolutely 
necessary,  why  would  manufacturers  thus  increase 
the  cost  of  these  original  steel  plates  ? 

This  is  admitted  by  the  following  extracts,  for 

example,  from  the  booklet  of  the  “ . Steel 

Roofing  Company  ”  : 

“  Painted  roofings  are  all  well  painted  both  sides 
with  a  paint  consisting  of  pure  linseed  oil,  mixed  with 


A  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  does  not  corrode,  does  not  decay,  does  not 

wear  away. 

» 


( 


Numerous  Government  Institutions  are  roofed  with  Genuine  Bangor  Slate. 


( 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  ana  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


17 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Steel  or  Corrugated 
Iron  Roofing  (con//nued). 

ground  iron  ore,  together  with  dryer  necessary.  Exper¬ 
ience  has  proved  this  paint  to  be  the  best  coating  for 
metallic  surfaces.” 

Here  again  you  are  at  the  mercy  of  the  paint 
man  to  furnish  you  just  the  proper  kind  of  paint. 

From  the  same  booklet  : 

“  This  galvanized  material  is  highly  recommended, 
especially  where  roofs,  etc.,  are  subject  to  the  action,  of 
gases,  acids,  and  other  deleterious  fumes.  It  can  go  for 
some  years  without  paint,  but  eventually  must  be 
protected  by  a  coating  of  paint.” 

Mr.  James  Christie,  Consulting  Engineer,  in 
a  paper  read  before  the  American  Society  for  Test¬ 
ing  Material  at  Atlantic  City,  June  21st  to  23  rd, 
1906  says  : 

“  It  is  now  considered  poor  policy  to  use  black 
metals,  whether  iron  or  steel,  for  roofing,  even  though 
painted.  To  some  extent  the  same  applies  to  galvanized 
metals.”  See  “  Metal  Worker,”  New  York,  July  21,  1906. 


Is  it  necessary  to  say  more  on  this  subject  ? 

No  such  “  steel  roof”  troubles  with  a  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate  Roof.  Nor  does  it  attract  lightning 
like  steel. 

The  protection  against  electric  shocks  or  light¬ 
ning  afforded  by  non-conducting  material,  such  as 
a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof,  has  been  explained 
on  page  14.  It  stands  in  marked  contrast  with  the 
danger  inherent  to  all  metallic  roofings  in  this 
respect. 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with 

Shingles. 

Shingle  roofs,  like  all  wood,  are  necessarily 


The  rich  architectural  effect  of  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  lend  a  substantial 

finish  to  the  residence. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


19 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Shingles  {continued). 

short  lived.  Even  frequent  coatings  of  paint  or 
stain  cannot  save  them.  They  easily  become 
water -soaked,  which  multiplies  the  weight  of  the 
roof  five  and  ten-fold,  a  severe  strain  on  the  frame. 
In  that  condition  the  garret  is  always  damp,  and 
when  in  course  of  time  the  roof  does  dry  out,  the 
shingles  are  apt  to  fall  off  or  split,  and  thus  create 
leaks.  No  further  evidence  is  needed  on  this  point. 
Everybody  knows  that  wood,  when  exposed  to 
weather,  will  gradually  split,  warp  or  curl  and  rot. 

The  damp  wood,  with  its  many  fissures,  offers 
convenient  lodging  places  for  germs,  insects,  decay¬ 
ing  vegetable  matter,  etc.  They  hasten  the  decay 
of  the  roof ;  absolutely  destroy  its  looks,  and  are  a 
danger  to  the  sanitary  conditions  of  the  house, 
particularly  where  the  roof  water  is  collected  in 


cisterns  for  household  use. 

Furthermore,  roofing  that  is  damp  more  or  less 
frequently,  is  bound  to  rot  the  roof  timbers. 

Not  a  word  need  be  wasted  about  the  danger 
from  fire  to  a  shingle  roof. 

All  these  drawbacks  of  wood  shingles  are 
overcome  by  covering  your  house  with  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate. 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with 
Roofing  Tile. 

Thinking  of  a  tile  roof?  It  is  not  so  good  as 
slate,  very  much  heavier  and  much  more  expensive. 
Tile  is  “  burned  ”  from  clay.  It  is  therefore  not 
only  subject  to  all  the  imperfections  that  may  creep 


A  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  needs  no  paint  to  preserve  it,  nor  any  paint  for  appearance. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


21 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Roofing  Tile  {coni.) 

into  a  manufacturing  process  of  this  kind,  but  also 
to  all  the  defects  caused  by  impurities  in  the  raw 
material.  This  possibility  is  admitted  even  by  the 

tile  manufacturers.  The . Roofing  Tile 

Company,  for  example,  says  in  its  Catalog  :  “  When 
tile  is  we//  burned,  there  is  no  question  as  to  its 
desirability.”  But  what  guarantee  is  there  that  it 
/s  well  burned  ?  This  cannot  be  told  from  the 
looks,  but  only  through  the  expensive  test  of  time. 

Says  another,  the . Roofing  Tile  Com¬ 

pany,  in  an  article  too  lengthy  to  quote  in  full  : 

“  The  ordinary  clays  of  this  country,  for  many  reasons 
are  very  unfit  for  the  purpose  (of  roofing  tile)  and  are 
indeed  a  serious  disappointment  ....  'They  are 
very  treacherous  and  unsafe  to  use.  In  one  part  of 
the  bed  the  clay  may  be  quite  pure,  but  perhaps  only  a 
few  feet  away,  there  may  be  considerable  lime  and  other 
deleterious  substances  in  it  that  are  difficult  to  detect,  and 
rarely  are,  until  the  clay  has  been  made  into  tile  and  the 


mischief  is  already  done.  The  slaking  of  the  lime  in  the 
tile  causes  pieces  to  burst  off.  .  .  .  When  subjected 

to  great  heat,  tile  made  from  such  ordinary,  inferior  clays 
are  liable  to  excessive  warpage  and  sometimes  melt  and 
run  like  thick  molasses.  Tile  made  from  such  clay  are 
usually  spongy,  weak,  easily  broken  by  hail  storms,  etc. 

.  .  One  can  readily  understand  that  the  more  water 

a  tile  soaks  up,  the  greater  is  the  expansive  force  exerted 
when  it  freezes  in  the  tile,  and  the  sooner  it  will  disinteg¬ 
rate,  or  go  to  pieces . Cases  are  known 

where  disintegrations  have  actually  occurred  in  less 
than  two  years.” 

If  this  was  not  so,  why  should  another,  the 
.  .  .  .  Tile  Company  recommend  in  its  Roofing 

specifications  that : 

“  The  roofer  shall  furnish  a  two  year  guarantee 
against  weather  ?  ” 

Two  years  is  a  pretty  short  time  for  a  roof  to 
behave  itself,  isn’t  it  ? 

Frank  Eugene  Kidder,  Consulting  Engineer,  in 
his  “  Architects’  and  Builders’  Pocket  Guide,”  page 
656,  says : 


The  substantial,  pleasing  effect  of  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  harmonizes 
well  with  the  graceful  proportions  of  the  building. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


23 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Roofing  Tile  ( cont. ) 

“  Unglazed  tile  imbibe  one-seventh  of  their  weight 
in  water,  and  tend  to  rot  the  lath  on  which  they  are  laid.” 

The  moisture  absorbed,  particularly  under  the 
influence  of  sudden  climatic  changes,  or  the  action 
of  frost,  must  always  result,  sooner  or  later,  in  the 
disintegration  of  the  roof. 

So  much  for  unglazed  tile.  Even  glazed  tile, 
though  more  expensive,  offer  no  cure  for  these 
defects.  On  the  contrary,  the  glazing  is  frequently 
intended  to  hide  a  poor  quality  of  clay.  Let  the 

. Tile  Company  explain  this  in  their  own 

words  : 

“  Some  tile  are  made  of  very  coarse,  inferior  clay,  the 
natural  color  of  which  is  so  homely  that  the  tile  would  not 
be  saleable,  and  the  makers  therefore  resort  to  a  “  slip,”  or 
as  it  is  sometimes  erronously  called,  a  “  semi-glaze,”  to 
cover  this  ugly  product,  the  process  being,  before  burning, 
to  simply  dip  the  tile  into,  or  wash  it  with,  a  doped  or 
chemically  colored  clay  liquid  mixture.  Tile  thus  treated 


are  well  calculated  to  deceive  those  who  are  not  posted, but 
such  artificial  clay  coloring  soon  fades,  sometimes  flakes 
off,  and  the  roof  is  no  longer  the  thing  of  beauty  that  it  at 
first  appeared  to  be.” 

Moreover,  as  the  manufacturer  says,  “  glazed 
tile  are  glazed  only  on  the  weather  side.”  In  other 
words  the  under  side  of  these  tile  is  left  porous  and 
unprotected  ;  hence  subject  to  the  same  absorption 
of  dampness  and  rot,  condemned  in  the  above 
mentioned  “Architects’  and  Builders’  Pocket- 
Guide.” 

Roofing  that  becomes  damp  underneath, 
certainly  rots  the  roof  timbers,  greatly  shortening 
their  life. 

The  excessive  weight  of  tile  also  militates 
against  its  use  for  roofing.  Tile  weighs  from 
eleven  to  twenty  pounds  per  square  foot  of  roof 
surface,  requiring  excessive  expense  in  providing 


24 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Roofing  Tile  ( cont. ) 

an  extra  strong  roof  frame.  A  slate  roof  weighs 
only  six  and  one-half  pounds  per  square  foot  of 
roof  surface;  or  about  one-half  to  one-third  less 
than  tile. 

Genuine  Bangor  Roofing  Slate,  though  cheaper 
than  tile,  equals  it  in  beauty  of  appearance  and 
surpasses  it  in  all  other  good  roofing  qualities. 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with 
Composition  Roofings. 

When  you  look  into  the  question  of  composi¬ 
tion  roofings,  you  will  be  confronted  by  a  bewild¬ 
ering  array  of  numerous  brands  from  various 
manufacturers.  Even  at  the  first  glance,  their  many 


and  highly  exaggerated  claims  of  superiority  look 
confusing.  A  few  moments’  thought  will  at  once 
reveal  the  many  and  great  defects  of  this  kind  of 
roofing. 

As  the  manufacturers  admit  in  their 
public  announcements,  all  these  roofings  contain 
either  tar,  asphalt,  or  pitch  as  basis,  with  felt,  wool, 
burlap  (sacking),  etc.,  to  give  them  body.  The 
roofing  is  then  admitted  to  be  “  weather-proofed,” 
either  by  passing  these  prepared  sheets  through 
heavy  rollers  or  by  saturating  them  with  a 
compound. 

Of  course  you  know  that  such  stuff  as  burlap 
can’t  last.  Even  if  weather-proofed,  the  effect  of 
the  compound  is  bound  to  wear  off  in  time.  The 
same  holds  good  about  felt,  an  animal  matter. 
And  what  is  more  perishable  than  animal  matter  ? 


Genuine  Bangor  Roofing  Slate  is  used  on  warehouses  because  it  does  not  wear 
out.  The  building  shown  is  a  Government  warehouse. 


26 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  {continued). 

It  takes  but  little  heat  to  make  tar  or  pitch  run. 
You  can  see  this  in  summer  on  many  a  roof  of  this 
material,  showing  the  streaks  of  running  asphalt, 
or  tar  which  in  some  cases  drips  on  the  sides  of  the 
house,  on  the  street  and  passers-by.  You  know 
that  asphalt  dries  and  cracks  from  the  effects  of 
heat  and  water. 

These  facts  are  well  summed  up  by  an 
authority  like  “The  Architect  and  Contractor  of 
California,”  in  its  issue  of  May,  1905,  as  follows  : 

“  To  prevent  the  dampness  from  below  and  above 
Asphaltum  has  generally  been  used,  sometimes  mixed 
•with  Tar.  There  are  two  objections  to  these  materials, 
namely  :  that  they  have  to  be  applied  hot,  and  that  they 
become  brittle  and  crack  as  soon  as  the  oil  contained  in 
them  dries  out  by  evaporation.  Waterproofing  is  some¬ 
times  attempted  with  Coal-Tar  Pitch,  which  is  the  worth¬ 


less  residue  that  remains  behind  in  the  still,  when  Coal- 
Tar  is  distilled.  It  cracks  at  freezing  temperature,  and 
runs  in  the  summer  sun.  In  ordinary  cold  weather  it 
forms  no  bond.  Being  an  unstable  chemical  compound, 
its  life  is  usually  from  one  to  three  years.  All  compounds 
that  are  being  offered  under  fancy  names  should  be  closely 
investigated  and  examined  by  architects  before  being 
specified,  as  most  of  them  are  based  on  either  Asphaltum, 
Pitch  or  Tar.  There  is  no  need  of  a  chemical  examin¬ 
ation  in  these  cases,  as  the  flame  of  a  candle  or  even  a 
match  will  heat  such  substances  sufficiently  to  detect  them 
by  their  pungent  odor.” 

And  what  about  fire  ?  It  is  common  knowl¬ 
edge  that  there  is  no  better  food  for  flames  than 
asphalt,  pitch,  tar,  rosin  paper,  etc.  There  is 
nothing  more  dangerous  than  the  tendency  to 
smoulder  of  wool,  felt,  burlap,  etc.  Not  only  will 
this  roofing  readily  burn  with  a  fierce  heat,  but 
the  burning  dripping  tar,  pitch  or  asphalt  adds  to 
the  damage  and  danger  of  the  fire. 

No,  as  we  said  before,  you  need  not  take  our 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


27 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  {continued) 

word  for  it.  Commercial  courtesy  forbids  the  use 
of  specific  names.  But  you  can  readily  supply 
them  when  comparing  the  extracts  quoted  below 
with  the  pamphlets  on  Composition  Roofing  that 
can  be  had  for  the  asking  from  the  makers. 

Says,  probably  the  largest  manufacturer  of  tar 
roofing,  in  the  specifications  supplied  to  the  archi¬ 
tects,  the  trades,  and  intending  builders  : 

“Over  the  foregoing  (roof  sheathing)  shall  be  laid  a 
five-ply  coal  tar  pitch,  felt  and  slag  or  gravel  roof,  to  be 
constructed  as  follows  :  The  rosin  sized  sheathing  paper 
or  saturated  felt  to  be  used . ” 

That  this  roof  is  defective  is  admitted  by  the 
fact  that  it  has  to  be  protected  by  spreading  slag 
or  gravel  over  it.  What  about  the  roof  when  the 
gravel  wears  off,  or  rubs  off,  under  the  influence  of 


the  elements,  etc  ?  What,  when  it  works  out  on  a 
hot  summer  day  while  the  pitch  is  soft  ? 

These  roofings  are  laid  either  in  a  continuous 
mass,  such  as  gravel  roofs,  or  in  long  sheets,  such 
as  the  so-called  ready-made  roofings.  Do  they 
provide  for  the  contraction  and  expansion  caused 
by  changes  in  temperature  ?  As  a  result  the 
buckling  or  tearing  will  damage  this  roofing  and 
hasten  its  destruction,  by  exposing  the  interior 
plies  to  the  elements. 

Note  how  this  roof  is  “  built  up,”  as  shown  in 
the  same  specifications : 

1.  First  lay  one  thickness  of  rosin  sized 
sheathing  paper. 

2.  Then  two  full  thicknesses  of  tar  felt. 

3.  Then  a  uniform  coating  (if  you  can  get  it\) 
of  pitch. 


28 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  ( continued ) . 

4.  Then  three  full  thicknesses  of  felt. 

5.  Then  mop  back  again  with  pitch. 

6.  Then  another  uniform  coating  of  pitch, 
into  which, 

7.  While  hot,  embody  slag  or  gravel. 

Here  are  ten  different  layers  of  more  or  less 
perishable  and  inflammable  material  on  the  roof;  ten 
chances  for  the  layers  to  become  loose  under  the 
influence  of  sun,  rain,  heat,  cold,  wind,  and  the 
vibrations  of  the  building. 

Moreover,  the  uniformity  of  the  layers  of  pitch, 
which  the  specifications  made  so  important,  is 
soon  disturbed  by  the  tendency  of  the  pitch  to 
run ;  becoming  denser  towards  the  base  and 
lighter  toward  the  peak  of  the  root. 


Some  of  the  tar  or  asphalt  generally  runs  into 
the  eaves  or  spoutings,  clogging  and  rotting  them 
unless  promptly  removed.  The  anxiety  about  the 
action  of  the  weather  on  the  many  layers  scared 
one  manufacturer  into  the  printed  statement : 
“  It  is  a  good  policy  not  to  cut  or  slit  the  roofing 
more  than  is  absolutely  necessary.” 

Here  is  another  illustration  taken  from  the 
literature  of . Ready  Made  Roofing  ; 

“  A  very  strong  wool  felt — the  foundation. 

A  solid  but  flexible  body  of  asphalt  cement  compo¬ 
sition. 

Strong  burlap  embodied  into  the  upper  surface  of 
cement.  The  heavy  elastic  finish  of  paint.”  {Here  is 
the  paint  trouble  again!) 

Here  is  another  diagram  of  construction  of  an 
asbestos  roofing : 

1.  Pure  asbestos  felt,  weather  surfaced. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


29 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  {continued). 

2.  Layer  of  acid  and  water-proof  asphalt 
cement. 

3.  Pure  asbestos  saturated  felt. 

4.  Layer  of  acid  and  water-proof  asphalt 
cement. 

5.  Heavy  canvas  burlap  saturated. 

6.  Layer  of  acid  and  water-proof  asphalt 
cement. 

7.  Pure  asbestos  felt  backing. 

Here  are  seven  chances  for  layers  to  come 
apart. 

The  short  life  of  this  roofing  is  proved  by  the 
manufacturer’s  statement  that  it  is  covered  on  both 
sides  with  asbestos  felt.  The  name  of  felt  is  given 
to  any  substance  composed  of  threads  or  fibres, 


made  into  a  sheet  by  simply  forcing  them  together 
under  pressure.  This  applies  to  any  kind  of  felt, 
such  as  that  used  for  hats,  padding,  boots,  etc. 

Unless  a  sheet  of  fibrous  material  is  woven 
together,  instead  of  simply  pressed,  there  are  no 
meshes  (no  warp  and  woof)  to  hold  the  material 
firmly  together.  That  is  why  this  manufacturer 
says  :  “A  selvedged  edge  of  burlap  prevents  pull¬ 
ing  away  from  nail  heads.” 

In  other  words,  if  it  were  not  for  the  burlap, 
there  would  not  be  enough  solid  substance  in 
this  roofing  to  hold  it  together  around  the  nail. 

As  soon  as  the  weather  gets  in  its  work  on  this 
roofing,  the  asbestos  sheets  will,  therefore,  disin¬ 
tegrate,  and  gradually  be  washed  away.  It  is 
true,  as  the  manufacturer  says,  the  asbestos  does 
not  rot  or  decay.  The  asbestos  fibres  remain 


30 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  {continued) 

unchanged  as  asbestos;  but  the  asbestos  sheet  is 
gone — and  that  is  the  roofing.  In  evidence  of  this 
it  is  only  necessary  to  point  out  that  in  spite  of  the 
great  demand,  no  manufacturer  has  as  yet  been 
able  to  produce  an  asbestos  covering  for  steam 
pipes,  boilers,  etc.,  that  can  be  used  out-doors 
without  a  protecting  jacket  of  some  kind. 

Here  is  even  a  better  proof.  The  manufac¬ 
turer  of  this  same  asbestos  roofing  admits  its 
weakness  by  printing  among  his  own  testimonials, 
the  following  letter  from  Washington,  D.  C.  : 

“  I  have  your  asbestos  roof  on  my  dwelling  house 
above  number  and  street.  It  has  been  on  about  five  years. 

I  want  your  preparation  of  pitch  to  cover  it.” 

The  word  “asbestos”  holds  out  the  alluring 
prospect  of  obtaining  a  fire-proof  roof.  But  such 


is  by  no  means  the  case.  As  you  have  seen  above, 
it  does  not  take  long  for  the  thin  asbestos  covering 
to  disintegrate,  or  warp,  particularly  under  the 
influence  of  heat.  Thus  the  interior  parts  are  ex¬ 
posed,  all  of  which  are  highly  inflammable.  Another 
simple  test  is  to  apply  a  match  to  a  sample  of  this 
roofing,  which  will  ignite  quite  readily. 

In  fact  experiments  with  samples  of  all  this 
class  of  roofing  justify  the  bold  statement  that  it 
is  all  readily  inflammable.  Try  it  yourself. 

Apply  a  match  to  the  edges  of  the  samples. 

Yet  every  manufacturer  of  these  roofings 
dwell  on  their  fire-resisting  capacity.  Nevertheless, 

the  manufacturers  of . roofing  acknowledge 

this  defect  as  follows,  in  their  advertising  literature : 

“  A  burning  brand  of  cinder  falling  on  it  will  burn 
itself  out  without  igniting  the  roofing.  This  can  be  easily 
demonstrated  by  placing  a  hot  coal  on  either  side  of  the 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


31 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  ( continued) . 

roofing.  Around  the  edge  of  the  coal  the  roofing  will 
burn  slightly,  but  as  the  coal  becomes  cool,  the  material 
ceases  at  once  to  burn  and  the  fire  does  not  spread.” 

That  is  what  one  piece  of  coal  will  do  to  this 
roofing,  according  to  the  manufacturer’s  own 
admissions.  Now,  what  about  a  shower  of  flying, 
burning  embers  from  a  fire  nearby,  that  doesn’t 
give  the  roof  a  chance  to  cool  off? 

The . pamphlet  says  :  “  Its  basis  of 

compact,  closely  woven  wool  felt,  specially  pre¬ 
pared,  does  not  absorb  nor  burn  easily.”  Note  here 
that  there  is  no  such  thing  as  “woven  felt.” 

Because  of  the  fire  feeding  tendency  of  these 
roofings,  there  is  now  in  preparation  a  building 
ordinance  to  be  introduced  in  New  York  City, 
providing  that  “  No  roof  covering  except  slate,  tile 


and  metal  shall  be  allowed  in  greater  New  York.” 
(See  the  “Metal  Worker,”  New  York,  July  14, 
1906.) 

All  these  manufacturers  speak  about  the  long 
life  of  their  roofings,  which  they  admit  must  be 
re-painted  or  “  re-coated  ”  more  or  less  frequently. 

The  following  are  literal  extracts  from  their 

advertising  literature : 

“  It  is  unnecessary  to  paint . roofing  when  it 

is  first  laid,  and  not  until  eighteen  months  or  two  years 
after  need  this  be  done. 

Here  is  a  paint  bill  for  you  to  pay  every  two 
years.  The  manufacturers  tells  you  so  right  at  the 
start. 

“ . roofing  does  not  require  paint  when  laid, 

but  where  a  roof  is  exposed  to  exceptional  conditions,  we 

recommend  a  coat  of . paint  at  the  end  of  eighteen 

months.” 

“  Be  sure  and  re-coat  the  roof  every  two  or  three 
years.”  (The  italics  are  not  ours  ! ) 


32 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  compared  with  Composition 
Roofings  {continued). 

The  strongest  proof  of  this  fact  is  that  all 
these  manufacturers  in  the  same  pamphlets  recom¬ 
mend  the  use  of  a  special  roofing  paint  which  they 
find  it  necessary  and  profitable  to  manufacture. 

In  spite  of  assertions  of  longevity,  only  a  few 
of  these  manufacturers  are  willing  to  guarantee 
their  roofs  for  a  span  of  ten  years ;  none  over  that. 
What  does  that  guarantee  mean  ?  A  new  roof  for 
the  old  one  that  gives  trouble  ?  No  indeed !  They 
simply  patch  the  numerous  leaks  with  a  new  coating 
of  cement  or  some  other  mixture  which  they  make  it 
a  business  to  “  recommend  ”  and  sell.  Admitting 
that  they  make  good  their  guarantee,  who  must 
suffer  from  the  annoyance,  you  or  the  manufacturer.^ 


Another  fallacy  advanced  in  favor  of  these 
roofings  as  compared  with  slate,  is  their  lightness  ; 
requiring  a  lighter,  hence  less  expensive  roof  frame. 
This  is  really  an  advantage  for  slate,  which  weighs 
only  six  and  one-half  pounds  to  the  square  foot  of 
roof  surface.  Any  roof  structure  unable  to  bear  this 
weight  is  so  flimsy  that  it  is  not  safe  to  live  under. 
Thus  a  slate  roof  insures  you  a  substantial  roof 
structure. 

The  economy  of  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof 
as  compared  with  these  composition  and  other 
roofings,  is  evidenced  in  the  strongest  light  when  a 
building  is  torn  down.  In  such  a  case  the  slate  on 
it  is  just  as  good  as  new  and  can  be  used  over. 
But  in  buildings  with  any  of  these  other  roofings, 
the  latter  are  absolutely  worthless. 


No  matter  how  large  the  buildings,  we  can  promptly  furnish  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  to  cover  them. 


AVZa/  LiBiwAriY 
COLUAiBlA  UNIVERSITY 


Genuine  Bangor  Roofing  Slate  is  extensively  used  on  factories,  being  unaffected 
by  gases,  fumes,  acids,  alkalies,  weather  and  sparks. 


r 


A  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  is  unique — it  is  not  subject  to  depreciation  or 

expenditures  for  maintenance. 


No  roof  is  more  beautiful  than  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof.  It  is  “  lasting 
beauty  ”  in  the  fullest  sense  of  the  word. 


38 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Slate  Roofs  are  considered  the  Standard 
even  by  the  Manufacturers  of  other 
Roofings 

This  is  even  recognized  by  the  manufacturers 
of  other  roofings,  as  shown  by  their  advertisements. 
One  firm  says  of  their  roofing  material  that  it 
‘wears  like  slate.”  Another,  more  truthful,  says 
their  roofing  “wears  longer  than  any  other  roofing 
except  slate.”  Another  manufacturer  of  tin  shingles 
alluringly  calls  them  “  metal  slate.” 

It  is  also  proved  by  their  own  printed  admis¬ 
sions  or  omissions.  It  goes  without  saying  that 
these  manufacturers  have  studied  the  question  of 
roofing  very  thoroughly.  Their  treatment  of  slate 
is,  therefore,  an  exceedingly  high  recommendation. 

Here,  for  example,  is  an  advertising  pamphlet 


on  Coal  Tar  Roofs.  It  attempts  to  show  the 
superiority  of  this  article  over  asphalt  roofs,  metal 
roofs,  and  ready-made  roofings,  but  truthfully  can¬ 
not  and  does  not  say  anything  against  slate. 

Here  is  a  booklet  about . Roofing, 

which  admits  the  neat  appearance  of  a  slate  roof, 
as  follows  : 

“ . roofing  is  a  dark  gray  in  color  and  pre¬ 

sents  a  smooth,  neat  surface,  looking  not  unlike  slate 
when  laid.” 

From  the  same  booklet : 

“ . Roofing  will  last  longer  than  tin,  iron, 

shingles  or  any  other  prepared  roofing.” 

Why  didn’t  they  mention  slate  in  this  con¬ 
nection  ? 

Here  is  a  booklet  on . Roofing,  which 

compares  its  product  with  galvanized  iron  and  tin 
roofs,  tar  and  ashphalt  roofs ;  also  “  some  other 
roofings  ”  which  have  burlap  or  canvas  as  a  base. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


39 


Slate  Roofs  are  considered  the  Standard  even  by  the 

Manufacturers  of  other  Roofings  {continued). 

Not  a  word  about  or  against  slate  ! 

Here  is  a  booklet  on . Roofing  : 

“  You  must  not  expect  to  get  the  same  amount  of 
service  out  of  gravel  surface,  tar  paper  or  metad  roofs,  as 
you  would  from . Roofing.” 

Not  a  word  about  slate !  The  “  Illustrated 
Carpenter  and  Builder  Series  of  Technical 
Manuals  ”  thus  conclude  a  comparison  of  the 
different  kinds  of  roofing  material : 

“  Tile  or  slate  is  far  more  preferable  to  metal  or 
wood  for  roofing  when  considered  from  a  sanitary  stand¬ 
point.  This  is  especially  the  case  in  the  country  and 
small  towns,  where  cisterns  are  largely  depended  upon  for 
water  supply.  The  clean,  pure  slate  forms  a  striking  con¬ 
trast  to  the  rust,  paint  or  wood  rot  of  other  roofs,  when  the 
roof  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  pure  rain  or 
snow  water  to  be  stored  in  cisterns  for  domestic  use,  or 
even  for  farm-yard  or  stable  use. 

“  The  value  of  roofing  material  is  determined  by  a 


variety  of  considerations,  among  which  the  most  important 
are,  first  cost,  durability,  appearance,  resistance  to  fire  and 
consequent  influence  on  the  cost  of  insurance  and  the 
expense  of  maintenance  and  repairs.  We  think  it  is  safe 
to  say  that  nothing  beats  slate.” 

“  Good  slate  properly  put  on  requires  no  attention  of 
this  kind,  and  it  is  seldom  the  case  that  a  slate  roof  is 
injured  or  damaged  by  storm,  unless  the  structure  upon 
which  it  is  placed  is  not  sufficiently  strong  and  secure.  A 
slate  roof  when  properly  put  on  is  practically  permanent, 
and  requires  comparatively  no  repairs  or  attention.” 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roofs  on  Buildings 
Everywhere. 

The  numerous,  vital,  and  unequalled  advant¬ 
ages  of  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  roof  explain  its  ever 
growing  popularity.  You  will  find  it  on  buildings 
of  all  kinds  all  over  the  country.  You  will  get 
some  slight  idea  of  its  general  use  by  the  buildings 


Hospitals  avoid  the  noise  and  confusion  of  frequent  roof  repairs  by  means  of  a 

Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof. 


'1 


People  of  moderate  means  find  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  the  most 
economical,  while  at  the  same  time  lending  an  air  of  substantial 

dignity  to  their  homes. 


Where  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  protects  the  live  stock  and  crops,  the 
farmer  is  not  constantly  taxed  with  trouble  and  expense  of  roof  repairs. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roofs  are  found  on  churches  all  over  the  country,  from 
the  humble  chapel  to  the  imposing  cathedral. 


44 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roofs  on  Buildings  Everywhere 

{continued) . 

illustrated  in  this  pamphlet.  You  will  find 
it  on  prominent  public  structures,  such  as 
government  buildings,  churches,  court  houses, 
school  houses,  and  other  public  institutions.  You 
will  find  it  on  “utility”  buildings,  such  as  mills, 
factories,  foundries,  round-houses,  warehouses, 
stables,  barns,  etc.  You  will  find  it  on  the  humble 
cottages  of  the  laborer,  as  well  as  on  the  palatial 
residences  of  the  well-to-do. 

Its  long  and  useful  record  of  satisfactory  and 
economical  service  for  generations  past  is  the 
strongest  recommendation  why  you  should  have  it 
on  your  building. 

You  save  money,  trouble  and  annoyance  by 


putting  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  on  that  new 
building  you  are  going  to  erect. 

You  save  money,  trouble,  annoyance,  and  pro¬ 
long  the  life  of  your  old  building  by  roofing  it  with 
our  Genuine  Bangor  Slate,  instead  of  constantly 
paying  repair  bills  for  the  old  tin,  composition,  or 
shingle  roof. 

The  Cost  of  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof. 

You  would  be  surprised  to  see  how  little 
money  it  takes  to  put  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof 
on  your  building,  no  matter  where  located.  If  you 
will  write  us,  we  shall  be  very  glad  to  give  you  full 
information  on  this  subject,  based  upon  your  local 
conditions  as  to  freight,  labor,  etc.  And  it  is  well 
worth  your  while  to  go  into  this  matter  thoroughly, 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


45 


The  Cost  of  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  {continued). 
for  the  roof  is  the  vital  part  of  your  building. 

We  have  said  before  that  slate  is  the  cheapest 
of  all  roofings.  “Cheap  ”  means  inexpensive.  Now 
the  aforementioned  kinds  of  artificial  roofing  certain¬ 
ly  cannot  be  called  inexpensive  if  they  cost  you 
their  original  price  many,  many  times  over,  on 
account  of  the  constant  bills  for  painting,  re-paint¬ 
ing  or  coating  and  re-coating,  and  other  repairs 
during  the  entire  life  of  the  building.  In  other 
words,  the  cost  of  a  roof  is  not  only  the  amount 
you  have  to  pay  for  the  material  and  labor  of  putting 
it  on,  but  to  these  must  be  added  the  additional 
and  continuous  expense  of  keeping  the  roof  in 
repair  as  long  as  the  building  stands. 

A  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  requires  no 
such  additional  and  continuous  expense. 


Here  is  the  opinion  of  a  large  firm  handling 
building  materials  in  general  and  all  kinds  of  roof¬ 
ing  material.  They  have  no  reason,  therefore,  to 
favor  slate.  Y et  in  their  catalog  they  say : 

“  It  will  be  readily  seen  that  a  slate  roof  is  not  only 
the  most  durable,  but  when  the  original  cost  and  average 
life  are  taken  into  consideration,  it  is  three  and  a  half 
times  cheaper  than  tin,  four  and  a  half  times  cheaper  than 
shingles,  six  and  a  half  times  cheaper  than  iron,  and 
twelve  times  cheaper  than  copper. 


How  to  Obtain  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate 

Roof. 

To  make  sure  that  you  will  get  a  Genuine 
Bangor  Slate  Roof,  tell  your  architect,  contractor, 
carpenter,  or  roofer  to  specify  and  order 
“  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  from  the  manufacturer, 


46 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co. 


How  to  Obtain  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  {continued). 

the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Company,  Easton,  Pa.” 
Write  us,  or  tell  them  to  write  us.  We  will 
cheerfully  give  any  information  in  our  power  to 
obtain  a  good  roof  for  you.* 

We  are  the  largest  producers  of  roofing  slate 
in  this  country.  We  can  make  prompt  shipments, 
owing  to  our  extensive  stocks  and  convenient  private 
rail  road  sidings. 

*For  your  convenience  use  the  attached  Reply  Blank. 


Like  all  good  materials  well  established  in  the 
trade  by  long  usage.  Genuine  Bangor  Roofing  Slate 
stands  pre-eminent.  We  insure  you  against  sub¬ 
substitution,  however,  by  furnishing  with  each 
shipment,  our  warranty,  with  the  Corporate  Seal 
attached  and  signed  by  the  Secretary  of  the 
Company.  A  facsimile  is  shown  on  the  back 
cover  of  this  book. 

Upon  request  we  also  place  on  the  slate  our 
trade  mark,  as  shown  on  page  1. 


Being  spark-proof  and  non-combustible,  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  is  a  safe 
protection  on  buildings  located  along  railroad  tracks. 


The  edifices  held  in  highest  esteem  are  undoubtedly  the  churches.  The  roof 
held  in  highest  esteem  for  them  is  undoubtedly  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof. 


1 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  the  roof  for  palaces  as  well  as  humble  homes.  Its 
rich  appearance  lends  tone;  its  durability,  permanency  and  value. 


The  business-like  wisdom  of  the  American  farmer  is  evidenced  by  the  numerous 
Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roofs  found  on  farm  buildings  all  over  the  country. 


The  expensive  machinery  of  power  plants  is  protected  by  Genuine  Bangor 
Slate  Roofs.  Unlike  the  machinery  the  roof  neither  wears  out  nor  needs  repairs 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  lends  itself  well  to  the  majestic  effect  of  a  dome  roof. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  permits  oi  all  variations  of  roofing,  as  shown  here,  noS 
matter  how  much  the  roof  is  “  cut  up.” 


Isolated  establishments  find  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  particularly 
desirable,  because  it  greatly  lessens  the  danger  of  fire. 


The  most  conspicuous  part  of  houses  in  a  landscape  is  the  roof.  ’1'^®  rnost 
conspicuous  roof  in  all  points  of  merit  is  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof. 


Dwellers  under  a  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Roof  are  usually  happy:  their  temper 
is  not  tried  by  frequent  roof  troubles  and  repair  bills. 


I 


► 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  on  a  building  protects  tbe  contents  and  interior  finish 
from  damage  by  leaks  or  repairs. 


58 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Slate  is  used  for 
liness  and  absolute  non- 

Interior  Finish  of 
Buildings 

Steps 

Risers 

Platforms 

Floor  Tile 

Wainscoting 

Vestibule  Panels 

Base 

Dowels 

Lintels 

Window  Sills 

Coping 

Tiling 

Mantels 

Fire  Boards 


The  Varied  Uses  of  Slate. 

a  variety  of  other  purposes,  where  its  non-combustability,  durability,  clean- 
absorption  make  it  invaluable.  The  following  is  a  partial  list  : 


Sanitary  Slate 


Industrial 


Household 


Urinals 
Shower  Stalls 
Bath-room  Partitions 
Morgue  Slabs 
Operating  Tables 
Germ-proof  Flooring 
Mausoleums 
Grave  Vaults 
Grave  Covers 
Grave  Markers 
Cistern  Covers 


Vats  and  Tanks  of  all  sorts  for 
Dye  Works 
Chemical  Works 
Dairies 

Bottling  Establishments 

Canneries 

Soda  Fountains 

Slaughter-houses 

Bakeries 

Florists 

Tanneries 

Feed  and  Water  Troughs 
Electric  Switch  Boards 
Oyster  Troughs 
Fish  Tanks 

Aquarium  Bottoms,  etc.,  etc. 


Refrigerator  Shelves 
Cupboard  Shelves 
Pantry  Shelves 
Shelving  of  all  sorts 
Pastry  Boards 
Table  Tops 
Kitchen  Sinks 
Wash  Tubs 
Sink  Tops 
Lavatory  Tops 


Educational 

Blackboards 
Bulletin  Boards 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


59 


Other  Uses  of  Slate, 

The  only  Sanitary  Stone. 

The  same  qualities  of  durability  and  non¬ 
absorption  that  make  slate  so  valuable  on  the 
house,  make  it  desirable  and  serviceable  in  the 
house  for  a  great  variety  of  uses.  For  these  pur¬ 
poses  the  slate  rock  is  worked  at  the  quarry  into 
slabs,  greatly  varying  in  dimensions,  according  to 
requirements.  No  other  material,  be  it  stone,  wood 
or  metal,  is  so  easy  to  keep  clean.  Impurities 
lodged  on  slate  are  quickly  and  easily  washed  off 
by  the  simple  application  of  water. 

Slate  in  the  Household. 

For  these  reasons  slate  kitchen  sinks  and  slate 
wash  tubs  are  favorites  with  the  housewife.  The 


Sanitary  three-compartment  slate  wash-tub. 

illustration  of  the  sanitary  kitchen  models  shows 
only  two  of  the  types  in  use.  We  make  a  great 
many  varieties  to  order,  with  any  number  of  com¬ 
partments  from  one  to  six.  The  standard  type  of 
slate  tub  consists  of  either  two  or  three  compart¬ 
ments,  as  shown.  They  are  also  made  with  high 
backs  to  protect  the  wall  from  splashing  water. 

Besides  sinks  made  entirely  from  slate,  we 


60 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Slate  in  the  Household  {continued). 

furnish  slate  sink  tops  in  great  variety  for  sinks 
built  into  walls,  kitchen  closets,  etc.  The  popular¬ 
ity  of  these  sink  tops  is  growing  every  day.  No 


A  slate  sink  top  will  make  your  kitchen  more  sanitary. 

other  spot  in  the  household  collects  as  many 
impurities  or  offensive  odors  as  the  sink.  It  is 
therefore  highly  important  that  it  be  made  of 


strictly  sanitary  material.  Where  iron,  porcelain, 
or  other  kinds  of  sinks  are  already  installed,  you 
can  have  them  protected  from  infection  by  putting 
on  a  slate  sink  top. 

A  bare  cast  iron  sink  is  of  course  subject  to 
destruction  by  rust;  but  even  an  enamelled  cast 
iron  sink  is  no  better.  Hot  water  flowing  into  the 
sink  expands  the  iron  body  much  more  than  the 
enamel;  causing  the  latter  to  crack.  These  cracks 
in  course  of  time  become  very  numerous.  Not 
only  do  they  allow  the  water  to  enter,  thus  rusting 
the  iron  ;  but  they  offer  breeding  places  for  danger¬ 
ous  disease  germs  and  unpleasant  odors,  which  no 
amount  of  hard  cleaning  can  drive  out. 

You  need’nt  take  our  word  for  it.  The  largest 
manufacturers  of  enamel  iron  sinks  and  tubs  speak 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.  Easton,  Pa. 


61 


Germ-proof  slate  kitchen  sink  with  drip-board. 

Slate  in  the  Household  {continued). 

in  their  own  advertising  literature  about  “  the 
delicate  surface  of  your  bath  tub  or  other  enameled 


ware.”  “Acids  will  harm  the  material  of  which  the 
sink  is  composed.”  Do  not  forget  here  that  acid 
liquids  are  by  no  means  scarce  in  the  kitchen.  The 
most  common  of  them  is  vinegar.  The  validity  of 
these  objections  is  further  upheld  by  the  “guarantee” 
of  the  same  manufacturer.  It  guarantees  these 
fixtures  against  crazing  or  cracking  for  only  two 
years.  Do  you  want  to  renew  them  that  often  ? 

Nor  are  expensive  porcelain  sinks  an  improve¬ 
ment.  They,  too,  have  a  coating  of  enamel  which 
is  of  a  different  substance  from  the  body.  The  ex¬ 
pansion  and  contraction,  therefore,  works  in  the 
same  manner  as  in  an  iron  sink,  to  the  detriment 
of  sanitation  in  the  household.  Despite  of  what 
the  manufacturers  of  this  class  of  goods  may  say, 
science  has  well  established  the  fact  that  there  are 
no  two  substances  which  contract  or  expand  alike. 


62 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Slate  in  the  Household  {continued). 

This  factor,  therefore,  always  militates  against  any 
article  consisting  of  two  different  substances  baked 
together,  such  as  tile  or  porcelain,  and  the  glazing 
or  enamel  used  to  make  them  non-porus,  at  least 
for  a  short  time  at  the  start. 

Slate  shelves  or  slate  table  tops  are  greatly  in 
demand  in  the  kitchen,  in  the  pantry,  in  the  cellar 
(to  store  preserves  and  other  eatables)  ;  in  fact 
wherever  cleanliness  is  the  prime  consideration. 

Slate  for  Sanitary  Plumbing. 

Sanitary  engineers  specify  slate  slabs  for  all 
kinds  of  sanitary  work.  No  stronger  evidence  of 
this  need  be  mentioned  than  the  fact  that  the  ex¬ 
perts  of  the  United  States  Government  specify  slate 
slabs  for  urinals,  shower  stalls,  closet  stalls,  bath 


Type  of  sanitary  slate  urinal  used  in  schools,  railroad 
stations,  barracks,  and  other  public  toilet  rooms. 

room  partitions,  etc.,  in  all  army  and  navy  posts,  at 
the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  at  the  Naval 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


63 


Slate  for  Sanitary  Purposes  {continued). 

Academy  at  Annapolis,  at  Military  stations  through¬ 
out  the  country,  as  far  north  as  Alaska;  also  on 
war  vessels.  Wherever  Uncle  Sam  houses  the 
defenders  of  the  nation,  he  guarantees  their  sanitary 
surroundings  by  providing  slate  in  the  plumbing  of 
the  buildings  and  the  grounds.  This  is  specified  in 
a  printed  pamphlet  issued  by  the  United  States 
Government  under  the  title  “  General  Specifications 
for  plumbing  Buildings,  prepared  in  the  office  of 
the  Quartermaster-General,  U.  S.  Army,  October 
1904,  corrected  March  2,  1905.” 

The  same  general  use  of  slate  is  made  by  sani¬ 
tary  engineers,  architects,  etc.,  for  school  buildings 
factories,  railroad  stations,  assembly  halls,  hotels^ 
public  institutions,  municipal  public  toilets,  etc. 
Quite  recently,  for  example,  we  furnished  a  large 


number  of  slate  urinals  for  the  elevated  railroads  of 
New  York  City.  Slate  urinals  are  also  in  use  at  all 
Elevated  and  Subway  railroad  stations,  ferry 
houses  and  steamship  piers  in  Greater  New  York. 

One  of  the  largest  manufacturers  of  plumbing 
fixtures  says  in  “  A  Few  Points  on  Sanitation  for 
Schools,  Institutions,  Factories,  etc. :  ‘We  recom¬ 
mend  slate  partitions  as  being  more  sanitary  than 
wood  and  fully  as  good,  though  cheaper  than  iron.’  ” 

The  same  pamphlet  accompanies  the  illustra¬ 
tion  of  a  slate  urinal  with  the  following  text:  “This 
plate  shows  urinals  complete  as  installed  in  all  the 
schools  of  St.  Louis  and  many  other  cities.  Will 
Iasi  as  long  as  building.”  Bear  in  mind,  please, 
that  these  words  were  said  by  a  firm  not  inter¬ 
ested  in  slate  except  as  a  material  which,  in  the 
light  of  modern  sanitation,  they  must  use  to  pro- 


Slate  Blackboards  do  not  absorb  water  or  impurities  like  artificial  blackboards, 

hence  last  as  long  as  the  building. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by 


Slate  for  Sanitary  Purposes  {continued). 
duce  good  results  and  to  satisfy  sanitary  experts. 

Slate  Blackboards. 

Architects  and  educators  all  agree  that  natural 
slate  blackboards  are  unsurpassed  in  the  school 
room.  The  reasons  are ;  cleanliness,  durability, 
smooth  writing  surface,  uniform  lasting  dark  color 
and  low  cost.  Our  blackboards  are  found  in  thou¬ 
sands  of  school,  college  and  university  buildings, 
from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  from  Mexico  to  the 
northern  regions  of  Canada.  These  words  are  no 
oratorical  flourish  :  they  are  hard,  cold  facts.  It  is 
well-known  that  in  wooden  or  composition  black¬ 
boards,  the  black  soon  wears  into  gray.  This 
becomes  lighter  and  lighter  until  finally  faded  and 
spotted,  forming  no  contrast  to  the  chalk  mark. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


65 


it  becomes  a  great  strain  on  the  eyes  of  the  teachers 
and  pupils.  The  expense  of  re-blacking  these 
boards  at  frequent  intervals  is  entirely  obviated  by 
the  use  of  our  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Blackboards. 
Moreover,  composition  blackboards  will  disinteg¬ 
rate,  Wooden  blackboards  will  crack,  warp,  and 
wear  out.  But  it  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that 
slate  blackboards  will  outlast  the  building,  being 
the  same  substance  as  roofing  slate. 

The  so-called  “  composition  ”  blackboards  con¬ 
sist  largely  of  pasteboards,  with  a  very  thin  black 
surface  coating.  The  latter  is  usually  so  flimsy 
that  a  good  scratch  with  a  finger  nail  will  reveal  un¬ 
derneath  the  gray  or  white  pasteboard  back.  When 
the  surface  is  washed  these  sheets  naturally  absorb 
the  water,  to  say  nothing  of  germs  and  impurities. 

All  the  makers  of  these  imitation  “blackboards” 


Our  Blackboards  are  found  in  school  buildings  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific. 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


67 


Slate  Blackboards  {continued). 


admit  that  slate  is  a  durable  blackboard.  They 
also  practically  admit  that  their  boards  are  not 
durable;  for  they  offer  in  all  their  advertising  litera¬ 
ture  a  “  liquid  slating  ”  to  re-coat  their  imitation 
blackboards. 

If  you  have  a  voice  on  the  School  Board  you 
can  render  your  community,  its  tax-payers,  pupils 
and  teachers  no  better  service  than  by  insisting 
upon  natural  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  blackboards  in 
the  classrooms.  We  furnish  them  to  fit  any  space. 


Slate  for  Cemetery  Purposes. 

The  absolute  damp-proof  qualities  of  slate  have 
opened  for  it  a  wide  field  for  cemetery  purposes, 
such  as  grave  markers,  morgue  slabs,  grave  covers, 
mausoleum  floors  and  partitions,  and  burial  boxes. 


Blackboards  in  small  sizes  are  very  convenient 
as  bulletin  boards  in  homes,  business  offices,  hotel 
and  railroad  offices,  warehouses,  stores,  club  and 
assembly  rooms,  railroad  stations,  restaurants,  etc. 


Slate  Coffin  Vault,  better  and  cheaper  than  brick 
or  cement  lining. 

Particularly  the  latter  are  extensively  used  under 
the  name  of  “  grave  vaults.”  They  preserve  the 


68 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Slate  for  Cemetery  Purposes  {continued). 
casket  better  than  a  brick  or  cement  lining  in  the 
grave,  and  are  considerably  less  expensive. 

Slate  for  Interior  Finish  of  Buildings. 

Slate  is  also  extensively  specified  in  the  interior 
finish  of  buildings  for  wainscoting,  panels,  base- 
mouldings,  steps,  risers,  stair-landings,  platforms, 
window-sills,  door  lintels,  dowels,  fireboards,  etc. 

A  small  Slate  Base  keeps  your  porch  posts 
from  rotting  at  the  bottom,  without  splitting  the 
posts  like  iron  supports. 

No  other  material  being  absolutely  non-absorb¬ 
ent,  the  use  of  slate  is  practically  compulsory  for 
floor  tiling  in  bacteriological  laboratories,  slaughter 
houses,  operating  rooms,  sanitary  dairy  stables, 
etc.  For  the  same  reason  it  is  used  for  partitions, 
floors,  shelves,  tanks  or  troughs  in  all  establish- 


Germ-proof  slate  stairway  for  hospitals,  schools,  factories, 
fire-proof  buildings,  etc. 

ments  where  cleanliness  is  a  necessity,  such  as 
bakeries,  private  and  public  kitchens,  canning 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


69 


Slate  for  Interior  Finish  of  Buildings  {continued) . 

houses,  green  houses,  food  factories,  bottling  estab¬ 
lishments,  etc.  Slate  is  used  for  aquariums,  soda 
fountains,  mess  tables,  mixing  troughs,  refrigerator 
shelves,  etc. 

Owners  and  breeders  of  live  stook  can  greatly 
add  to  the  healthful  conditions  of  their  animals  by 
using  slate  water  troughs. 

Slate  for  Ornamental  Purposes. 

Slate  also  admits  of  pretty  ornamental  effects. 
It  is  possible  to  imitate  any  desired  pattern 
of  marble  or  tile  so  perfectly  that  even  an 
expert  cannot  tell  the  difference  except  upon 
close  examination.  Slate  thus  “  marbleized  ”  is 
widely  used  as  a  cheap  but  effective  imitation  of 
onyx  or  marble  table  tops,  mantels,  fire  boards,  etc. 


Marbleized  slate  mantel — an  effective  imitation  of  marble. 

The  illustration  shown  gives  but  a  slight  idea  of  the 
many  variations  of  designs  and  patterns  we  can 
furnish. 


70 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


Marbleized  Slate  “  Imitation  Tile” — no  joints  to 
fall  out  of  alignment — no  crevices  for  dirt  and  germs. 

Slate  for  Ornamental  Purposes  {continued). 

A  “  tile  finish  ”  slate  fire  board,  apart  from 


being  cheaper  and  identical  in  appearance  with  a 
fire  place  built  of  tile,  offers  the  additional  advan¬ 
tages  that  the  “  tiles  ”  can  neither  fall  apart  nor 
come  out  of  alignment.  Unlike  real  tile,  there  are 
no  crevices  in  which  dirt  or  germs  can  lodge. 

Further  and  New  Uses  of  Slate. 

The  above  does  not  by  any  means  exhaust  the 
possibilities  of  slate,  the  one  absolutely  non-absorb¬ 
ent  stone  that  can  be  worked  into  convenient  slabs 
of  any  size  and  that  is  much  more  durable  than 
marble  or  granite,  while  at  the  same  time  less 
expensive.  Slate  being  a  non-conductor  is  used 
extensively  for  switch  boards.  It  is  used  for 
billiard  table  beds,  etc.  New  uses  are  found  for  it 
every  day  for  industrial,  sanitary  and  other 
purposes. 

If  you  have  any  use  for  strong  durable  abso- 


Genuine  Bangor  Slate  is  made  and  sold  by  the  Genuine  Bangor  Slate  Co.,  Easton,  Pa. 


71 


Further  and  New  Uses  of  Slate  {coniinucJ). 

lutely  clean  and  sanitary  slabs  for  any  purpose 
whatever,  no  doubt  you  can  use  slate  to  advantage. 
Let  us  know  about  it.  We  shall  be  glad  to  go  into 
the  matter  in  detail 


Remember,  please,  that  while  we  are  the  larg¬ 
est  producers  of  slate  in  this  country  and  often  ship 
entire  train  loads  of  roofing  or  structural  slate,  no 
inquiry  is  too  unimportant  for  us  for  proper  con¬ 
sideration.  No  order  is  too  small  to  receive  our 
prompt  and  careful  attention. 


Other  Uses  of  Slate: 

In  the  Household,  for  sinks,  wash  tubs,  table  tops,  etc . 59 

For  Sanitary  Plumbing . 62 

For  Blackboards . 65 

For  Interior  Finish  of  Buildings . 68 

For  Ornamental  Purposes . 69 

Various  and  New  Uses . 71 


THE  HOBSON  PRINTING  CO. 
PRINTERS  :  ENGRAVERS  :  BINDERS 
EASTON,  PENNA. 


41 


Warranty 


mmt; 


IXCORPORATEO 


COPYRIGHT  1906.  GENUINE  BANCOR  SLATE  CO.  INC. 


